Mai vang (Ochna integerrima (Lour.) Merr.) not only is a popular ornamental plant but also possesses numerous valuable herbal properties. An exceptional line, the HD01, was bred by adept florists at the Binh Loi Mai village, Ho Chi Minh City. The objective of this research was to determine the optimal 6-benziladenine (BA), thidiazuron (TDZ) and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) concentrations appropriate for callus formation from leaf samples and regeneration of shoots from callus of the HD01 cultivar in in vitro condition. The study including two experiments was arranged in a completely randomized design with one factor and two factors, respectively. For callus induction, the culture medium supplemented with concentrations of TDZ combined with concentrations of NAA was used, while to induce shoots, concentrations of BA combined with concentrations of NAA were added to the medium. The results indicated that 0.2 mg/L TDZ combined with 0.25 mg/L NAA on the base of MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium supplemented with 7 g/L agar and 30 g/L sugar gave 100% callus formation rate after 17.6 days, with the largest callus diameter (2.7 cm) and highest callus mass (2.4 g) after 60 days of culture. The leaf-derived callus produced the best results when cultured on MS medium supplemented with 7 g/L agar, 30 g/L sugar, and a combination of 1 mg/L BA and 0.25 mg/L NAA, forming shoot clusters with the height of 2.2 cm, an average of 8.5 shoots per cluster and 9.7 leaves per cluster after 60 days of culture. Based on these results, a preliminary protocol for Mai vang HD01 micropropagation was established.

Bệnh dại là một bệnh nguy hiểm trên người và thú nuôi, việc tiêm phòng bệnh này đem lại nhiều lợi ích cho cộng đồng không chỉ về mặt sức khỏe mà còn về mặt kinh tế. Các yếu tố xã hội và con người có ảnh hưởng lớn đến hiệu quả phòng chống bệnh dại. Một nghiên cứu sử dụng khung phân tích kiến thức-thái độ-hành vi (viết tắt là KAP) được thực hiện trên chủ nuôi chó mèo nhằm đánh giá hiệu quả của một chương trình tiêm phòng bệnh dại thực hiện liên tục trong ba năm (2021-2023). Nghiên cứu này nhằm mục đích tổng kết lại kết quả sau ba năm và đánh giá sự thay đổi của cộng đồng dân cư trên ba chủ đề trên thông qua việc phân loại cộng đồng thành các cụm nhỏ hơn. Kết quả cho thấy tỷ lệ tiêm phòng bao phủ trên 80% tổng đàn chó mèo tại Đức Huệ, Long An trong năm 2023. Các lý do không thực hiện tiêm phòng giảm một cách rõ rệt so với các năm trước như ý kiến nhóm chó thả rông không bắt được chỉ còn 14,79% vào năm 2023. Số người tham gia khảo sát KAP tăng so với hai năm trước và tăng 355,67% so với dung lượng mẫu tính toán ban đầu (300 mẫu). Cả ba biến, kiến thức – thái độ - hành vi đều có ý nghĩa trong phân tích cụm, và nhóm những người biết về bẹnh dại cũng như cách phòng chống bệnh đã tăng lên. Nhiều hoạt động tuyên truyền hơn cần được thực hiện để cải thiện một số nhóm nhỏ dân cư hiệu quả hơn (người nông dân, người sinh sống ở khu vực biên giới).

A total of 319 nasal swab samples were collected to clarify the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli in the respiratory tract of goats in Can Tho, Vietnam. It indicated that E. coli was detected at a relatively minor rate (8.46%), and their prevalence in male goats and dairy goats was higher than that in others. However, the ages and health conditions of goats did not affect the presence of E. coli in those goats. Those E. coli strains were still susceptible to seven examined antibiotics, but the resistance was recorded in ampicillin (25.93%) and bactrim (25.93%) in this study. Those E. coli strains (33.33%) could resist one to seven antibiotics with several patterns; the pattern of ampicillin + amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (7.41%) was more common than others. Moreover, E. coli strains harbored antibiotic-resistance genes, and blaampC was detected at the highest rate (92.11%), followed by sulII (43.86%), tetA (24.56%), and qnrA (5.26%). Of those E. coli strains, 22.81% harbored two to four examined genes with several patterns of antibiotic-resistance genes; the most detected pattern was blaampC + sulII + tetA (7.89%). Thus, controlling the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant E. coli in the respiratory tract of goats will protect animal and public health.

The coffee industry is growing rapidly and generating increasing amounts of spent coffee grounds annually. Spent coffee grounds contain high levels of polysaccharide, which needs in-depth research to obtain and transform into value-added products. This study was carried out to optimize the alkali-catalyzed organosolv treatment of spent coffee grounds to enrich the polysaccharide content. A three-factor central composite design of the response surface model was used to optimize the treatment variables including reflux time, NaOH, and acetone concentration to yield the highest polysaccharide level. As a result, the maximum polysaccharide content was 73.13% obtained at a reflux time of 4.5 h, 62% acetone with 0.91% NaOH. The polysaccharide-rich material from spent coffee ground was composed of 39.37% mannan, 10.40% glucan, and 9.33% galactan. Partial removal of lignin and protein was observed during the treatment. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the spent coffee polysaccharides released the highest reducing sugars of 5583 mg/L using an enzyme cocktail containing 4% of cellulase and 1% of mannanase after 96 h. The enzymatic hydrolysate contained 3190 mg/L mannose and 1790 mg/L glucose, showing a feasible transformation of spent coffee polysaccharides.

This study explored the potential and challenges of community based ecotourism in Thanh Phu district, Ben Tre province, Vietnam. By investigating 52 households involved in community-based ecotourism through the Participatory Rural Appraisal method and semi-structured interviews, it outlined the transformative impact of community-based ecotourism on the local community. The research underscored positive outcomes in economic growth, social equity, and cultural preservation while highlighting the imperative need for prudent management to mitigate environmental concerns and prevent unsustainable tourism growth. It advocated for a balanced approach that integrated economic development with environmental and cultural preservation strategies. The findings emphasize the importance of tailored solutions to navigate challenges and foster sustainable community-based ecotourism, ensuring long-term prosperity while safeguarding the district’s natural and cultural treasures.

Cellulose nano fibers (CNF) are being considered as potential material for producing aerogel, an advanced materials for filtration technology. In this study, CNF were extracted from the sugarcance bagasse (a common agricultural waste) using ultrasonic technology and then fabricated with different additives including polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and graphene oxide (GO) to formulate aerogels. Various advanced techniques including polarized and scanning electron microscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and texture analyzer were applied to elaborate on the physicochsemical properties of the products. The obtained results revealed that aerogel had low bulk density (0.032 kg/m3; 0.035 kg/m3 & 0.041 kg/m3) and a high porosity (96.89%; 97.06% & 98.61%) when combined with PVA, PEG and GO, respectively. Among investigated samples, aerogel fabricated with GO had the highest mechanical resistance as well as the best elasticity.