This research aimed to assess the fertilizer practices during the fruitbearing stage of durian cultivation. A total of 60 durian farmers in Cai Lay district were interviewed using structured questionnaires. Subsequently, 20 soil samples (0 - 50 cm) were collected from durian orchards post-harvest to analyze basic physical-chemical properties. Findings revealed substantial variation in fertilizer utilization among durian orchards in the Cai Lay district, Tien Giang province, with 68.18% employing imported organic fertilizers. The application of inorganic fertilizers displayed an imbalanced pattern, notably characterized by excessive phosphorus supplementation. Primary use of inorganic fertilizers was in the form of multi-macronutrient (NPK) formulations, strategically applied during critical developmental stages, including new shoot emergence, flowering, and fruit development. The practice of incorporating lime, applied as limestone directly to the soil surface post-harvest, combined with extensive chemical fertilizer use, led to be acidic to very acidic soil. The soil analysis indicated that the soil in the durian orchards prominently exhibited a heavy mechanical composition classified as clay, clay loam and loam. Despite farmers’ attention to applying organic fertilizer on durian, the content of organic matter in the soil remained low (1.4 - 3.8%). The soil in the study area demonstrated varying levels of total and available nutrients, with total nitrogen ranging from 0.15% to 0.25%, total potassium (K2O) from 1.7% to 1.9%, and exchangeable K from 0.4 to 0.8 meq/100 g. Additionally, exchangeable calcium ranged from 5.5 to 9.5 meq/100 g, and exchangeable magnesium from 1.7 to 3.7 meq/100 g. The phosphorus content was notably high, with total phosphorus ranging from 0.13% to 0.23% and available phosphorus from 39.4 to 81.6 mg/100g. Cation exchange capacity varied from low to medium, spanning from 11.6 to 19.8 meq/100 g.

Crossmatching is one of the most important tests before a transfusion in small animal practice, helping to reduce the risk of post-transfusion reaction in dogs with unknown or experienced blood transfusion history. In this study, crossmatching assessments were performed after washing and resuspending the collected blood. Two types of crossmatching methods was conducted: major crossmatching and minor crossmatching. Based on an agglutination reaction, crossmatching allows the detection of naturally occurring alloantibodies or alloantibodies produced as a consequence of sensitization. In this study, there were 10 incompatible cases in total of 26 cases of dogs taken to the veterinary hospital and Greyhounds (incompatible rate 38.46%). The results showed that higher proportions of incompatible cases were recorded in group of dogs from 1 to 5 years old (26.92%), body weight from 5 - 10 kg (19.23%), female (23.08%), foreign breeds (34.62%), commercial feed (34.62%) and in-house (23.08%). The dogs in the same house or neighborhood, there were 38 incompatible cases in the total of 134 cases (28.36)%), in which the highest proportion was found in dogs from 1 - 5 years old had (13.43%), female (15.67%), and foreign breeds (15.67%). In the management groups, in-house dogs had a lowerproportion of incompatibility with each other than cage-free dogs, with 2.24% and 26.12% respectively. Although the results indicated that age, body weight, gender, and breed did not affect the pre-transfusion crossmatching results, it is necessary to perform the crossmatching test before a transfusion to reduce the risk of hemolytic transfusion reactions in dogs.

Root rot disease in tomatoes caused by Fusarium solani is one of the most serious diseases and causes severe problems in all tomato growing regions. Pseudomonas is a genus of bacteria capable of synthesizing valuable active compounds, promoting plant growth, and controlling disease-causing fungi. This study aimed to evaluate the plant growth- promoting potential of selected bacterial strains from the Pseudomonas genus and their ability to prevent the occurrence of Fusarium solani, the fungus responsible for tomato root rot disease. In vitro experiments were conducted to assess the characteristics and effects related to plant growth promoting of the tested Pseudomonas strains. The antagonistic capability of the bacteria against the fungi was also evaluated by measuring mycelial growth inhibition. Greenhouse conditions were used to evaluate the effectiveness of Pseudomonas as a soil treatment for plant growth promoting and reducing the severity of tomato root rot disease. The results demonstrated a positive influence of Pseudomonas spp. on the growth and development of tomato plants, with Pseudomonas spp. PN05 exhibited the most significant impact. Moreover, both strains Pseudomonas spp. PN02 and PN05 exhibited inhibitory effects on F. solani in vitro and under greenhouse conditions, limiting root rot disease in tomato plants with a control efficiency ranging from 48.3 to 62.2%.

Durian cultivation is being developed and expanded in the Central Highlands because of its high economic value. The farmers commonly apply pesticides and chemical fertilizers to control diseases and help durian plants growth. However, an alternate approach, using biological products from microorganisms is a sustainable direction for durian cultivation. In particular, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is widely used in many countries to support crops and increase productivity. This study aimed to isolate native Pseudomonas strains from durian orchards in the Central Highlands and investigate some of their characteristics affecting the growth of durian trees. As a result, four bacterial isolates were identified by morphology, biochemical analysis, and 16S rRNA sequence analysis, including TD-Dak Lak, DN-Lam Dong, T1-Dak Nong, and DT-Gia Lai belonging to P. fluorescens, P.  mosselii, P. monteilii, and P. putida. The survey of nitrogen fixation, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, siderophore, and phosphorus solubilization abilities of the four strains showed that all of them were capable of N2 fixation (3.03 to 3.69 mol/mL), IAA production (11.63 to 54.88 μg/mL), solubilizing phosphate (1.43 to 2.26 cm halo ring), and siderophore production. Three strains of P. putida, P. fluorescens, and P. monteilii increased the germination length of durian seeds by 13.6%, 12.2%, and 9.2%, respectively. All four Pseudomonas strains increased plant height from 4.25 to 5.66 cm, and the average number of leaves varied from 2.4 to 3.2 leaves, compared to 1.5 leaves in the control at 90 days. The results indicate that four P. fluorescens (TD-Dak Lak), P. putida (DT-Gia Lai), P. mosselii (DN-Lam Dong), and P. monteilii (T1-Dak Nong) were beneficial biological agents that can promote the growth and development of durian trees.

The purpose of this research was to conduct an extensive literature review concerning the correlation between Urban agriculture and the quality of life of individuals residing in urban areas. Employing established systematic review protocols, the study gathered data from a wide array of renowned databases, such as Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The criteria for inclusion were determined based on the applicability to the themes of urban agriculture and quality of life, publication within the time frame of 2010 to 2022, and availability in the English language. The synthesis included a comprehensive examination of 20 scholarly papers that were peer-reviewed. The economic impacts suggest that urban agriculture has the capacity to produce earnings, decrease household food costs, and promote local economies. Urban agriculture actively encouraged community engagement, tackled social concerns, and nurtured interpersonal connections. In terms of health, urban agriculture played a role in ensuring food security and improving physical well-being. Urban agriculture’s environmental impacts include its beneficial influence on urban ecosystems, its reduction of carbon emissions as well as its efforts to combat air and noise pollution. Urban agriculture functioned as a cultural medium, facilitating the connection between persons and their ancestry, fostering agricultural expertise, and serving as a cultural hub. Negative externalities include resource exploitation, contamination as well as ecosystem disruption. This study offers an in-depth understanding of the many effects of urban agriculture on the quality of life of urban people. The analysis adds to the existing pool of information, providing insights into the potential of urban agriculture to improve several aspects of humans’ well-being in urban environments.