Quantifying the deposited sedimentation during flooding in semi-dyke protected area: A case study in the Plain of Reeds, Mekong Delta, Vietnam
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Abstract
Sedimentation supplemented by flood is an essential source of soil nutrition in the lower Mekong River basin. This study evaluated the sediment deposited on fields during the 2022 flood season at the Plain of Reeds (PoR), Vietnam. The PoR is a region of soil with heavy acid sulfate. The selected research area was two provinces in PoR, Long An and Tien Giang. The dike system in this region comprises the complete-dyke and semi dyke. This study uses a new sediment trapping design to measure deposited sediment with particle sizes > 50 µm during the whole flooding season of 2022. Three location types were selected for measurement, including internal canal (InC), flat field (FF), and the raising bed (RB). We selected these three location types based on agricultural practices in this region. The deposited sediment in one flood season was at a mean of 1242.3 ± 1102.6 g/m2. There were observed differences between location types, in which the highest was found at the flat field upstream (2941.5 ± 500.8 g/m2), to the flat field downstream (1621.3 ± 141.2 g/m2), to the internal canal (987.5 ± 929.43 g/m2), and lowest at raising bed (119.2 ± 9.43 g/m2). Significant differences were found between the flat field upstream and the other three location types within the study area. Total N and P content of sediment were found at a mean of 9.08 ± 5.05 mg/g dry weight (dw) and 0.62 ± 0.21 mg/g dw, respectively. The data showed a significant amount of sediment, and its nutrient contents can be trapped during the flooding season in this semi-dyke system.
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References
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