The levels of infectious bursal disease virus antibodies and histopathology of bursa of Fabricius in broilers
,
,
,
,
, &
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the antibody titers to infectious bursal disease and histopathology of the bursa of Fabricius in broilers on field trips. A total of 225 Ross 308 chickens were randomly selected from ten farms with different diets and medical care programs. Birds were sacrificed at 1, 7, 14 and 28 days old to determine the bursa/body weight ratio. Bursal tissues were fixed in 10% buffered formalin and used to evaluate bursa histological properties. Blood samples were analyzed by ELISA for the presence of antibody against infectious bursal disease (IBD) virus. Results showed that all birds had protective antibody titers against IBDV from 1 to 14 days old, except birds at day 14 of farms 3 and 5 (245.6 and 342.2, respectively). Likewise, no birds in this study were protective antibody titers against IBDV on day 28, except farms 6 and 10 (821.8 ± 452.2 and 425.1 ± 229.4, respectively). In the present study, the bursa weights of broilers gradually increased from 1 to 28 days old. At 28 days of age, the lowest bursa weight and bursa index were 1.61 g and 0.12%, respectively, while the highest ones were 2.70 g and 0.21%, respectively. The histopathological score of the bursa was not significantly different across all farms. In general, antibody titers against IBD and histopathological score of the bursa do not appear to be affected by dietary supplementation in broiler chickens under various husbandry practices examined in this study, therefore, it is difficult to explain whether feed supplementation on broiler farms can boost antibodies to IBD disease.
Article Details
References
Abdel-Fatt, S. A., El-Sanhour, M. H., El-Mednay, N. M., & Abdel-Azee, F. (2008). Thyroid Activity, Some Blood Constituents, Organs Morphology and Performance of Broiler Chicks Fed Supplemental Organic Acids. International Journal of Poultry Science 7(3), 215-222. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2008.215.222.
Agboola, A. F., Omidiwura B. R. O., Odu O., Popoola I. O., & Iyayi, E. A. (2015). Effects of organic acid and probiotic on performance and gut morphology in broiler chickens. South African Journal of Animal Science 45(5), 494-501. https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v45i5.6.
Awad, W. A., Ghareeb, K., Abdel-Raheem, S., & Böhm, J. (2009). Effects of dietary inclusion of probiotic and synbiotic on growth performance, organ weights and intestinal histomorphology of broiler chickens. Poultry Science 88(1), 49-55. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2008-00244.
Ayalew, H., Zhang, H., Wang, J., Wu, S., Qiu, K., Qi, G., & Chanie, D. (2022). Potential feed additives as antibiotic alternatives in broiler production. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 9, 916473. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.916473.
Balevi, T., Uçan, U. S., Coskun, B., Kurtoglu, V., & Çetingül, S. (2001). Effect of dietary probiotic on performance and humoral immune response in layer hens. Archiva Zootechnica 42(4), 456-461. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071660120073133.
Bolis, D. A., Paganini, F. J., Simon, V. A., Zuanaze, M., Scanavini, N. H., & Correa, A. (2003). Gumboro disease: Evaluation of serological and anatomopathological response vaccinated broiler chicken challenged with very virulent virus strain. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science 5(2), 137-146. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-635X2003000200008.
Cazaban, C., Masferrer, N. M., Pascual, R. D., Espadamala, M. N., Costa, T., & Gardin, Y. (2015). Proposed BF weight to body weight ratio standard in commercial broilers. Poultry Science 94(9), 2088-2093. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pev230.
Heckert, R. A., Estevez, I., Russek-Cohen, E., & Pettit-Riley, R. (2002). Effects of density and perch availability on the immune status of broilers. Poultry Science 81(4), 451-457. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/81.4.451.
Henry, C. W., Brewer, R. N., & Edgar, S. A. (1980). Studies on infectious bursal disease in chickens. 2. Scoring microcopic lesions in the bursa of Fabricius, thymus, spleen, and kidney in gnotobiotic and battery reared white leghorns experimentally infected with infectious bursal disease virus. Poultry Science 59(5), 1006-1017. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0591006.
Islam, M. N., Rashid, S. M. H, Hoque, M. F., Juli, M. S. B., & Khatun, M. (2008). Pathogenicity of IBDV related to outbreaks in the vaccinated flocks and the causes of vaccination failure. Journal of Innovation and Development Strategy 2, 22-30.
Khalifa, E., Gomaa, E., Abd El-Mageed, A. E. R., Atef, N., & Abd El-Latif, K. (2014). Effect of probiotics and Escherichia coli infection on performance of some viral vaccination in broiler chicks. Animal Health Research Journal 2, 69-78. https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.43.296.
Kreider, D. L., Skeeles, J. K., Parsley, M., Newberry, L. A., & Story, J. D. (1991). Variability in a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system. І. Assay variability. Avian Disease 35(2), 276-287.
Latif, K., Majed, M., & Sahar, H. (2014). Determine the weight of thymus, bursa of Fabricius and spleen and its ratio to body weight in some diseases of broilers. MRVSA 3(1), 8-14. https://mrvsa.com/upload.
Morales-López, R., Auclair, E., García, F., EsteveGarcia, E., & Brufau, J. (2009). Use of yeast cell walls; beta-1, 3/1, 6-glucans; and mannoproteins in broiler chicken diets. Poultry Science 88(3), 601-607. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2008-00298.
Murmu, R., Islam, M. N., Juli, Khan, A. S., & Harun-ur-Rashid, S. M. (2014). Pathogenicity and immunosuppressive properties of GM-97 strain of infectious bursal disease virus in commercial broiler chickens. Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Researcht 1(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.v1i1p1-7.
Murphy, F. A., Gibbs, E. P. J., Horzinek, M. C., & Studdert, M. J. (1999). Paramyxoviridae. In Murphy, F. A., Gibbs, E. P., Horzinek, M. C., & Studdert, M. J. (Eds.). Veterinary virology (3rd ed., 411-428). Cambridge, UK: Academic Press.
Muskett, J. C., Hopkins, I. G., Edwards, K. R., & Thornton, D. H. (1979). Comparison of twoinfectious bursal disease vaccine strains: efficacy and potential hazards in susceptible and maternally immune birds. Veterinary Record 104, 332-334. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.104.15.332.
Saif, Y. M. (1994). Antigenicity and immunogenicity of infectious bursal disease virus. International symposium on infectious bursal disease and chicken infectious anaemia (21-24). Retrieved September 1, 2018, from https://doi.org/10.1080/03079459508419076.
Shrestha, P., Ahsan, M. M., Islam, K. M. D., Billah, M. M., Mehedi, M., Mitre, S., & Islam, M. R. (2003). Seroprevalence of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) specific antibody in chicken. Pakistan Journal of Biological 1240.
Talebi, A., Amirzadeh, B., Mokhtari, B., & Gahri, H. (2008). Effects of a multi-strain probiotic (PrimaLac) on performance and antibody responses to Newcastle disease virus and infectious bursal disease virus vaccination in broiler chickens. Avian Pathology Journal of The W.V.P.A 37(5), 509-512. https://doi.org/10.1080/03079450802356995.
Wang, G., Yang, S., Sun. S., Si, Q., Wang, L., Zhang, Q., Wu, G., Zhao, J., Zhang, H., & Chen W. (2020). Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains relieve loperamide-induced constipation via different pathways independent of short-chain fatty acids. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 10, 423. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00423.
Williams, A. E., & Davison, T. F. (2005). Enhanced immunopathology induced by very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. Avian Pathology 34, 4-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/03079450400025364
Yegani, M., & Korver, D. R. (2008). Factors affecting intestinal health in poultry. Poultry Science 87(10), 2052-2063. https://doi.org/0.3382/ps.2008-00091.