Making polymer membranes immobilized with phosphate solubilizing bacteria to produce controlled release fertilizer in combination with microorganisms
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Abstract
The combination of slow-release nutrients with microbial activities in a fer-tilizer product could increase the fertilizer’s efficiency, and limit the impact of chemical hazard of fertilizer on the environment. The aim of this research was to determine the optimal parameters for adequate size of immobilized bacterial particles, mechanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan membranes with or without intergrating of immobilized bacterial particles to produce slow release fertilizer. The result showed that the com-bination of 1% sodium alginate concentration (molecular weight of 100 kDa) and 1% calcium chloride concentration was optimal for the preparation of immobilized microbial calcium alginate particles. The activity of phosphate solubilizing bacteria Burkholderia silvatlantica immobilized in micro calcium alginate particles, in PVA membrane, and in chitosan membrane after 72 h was about 84.2%, 82.2%, and 52.9%, respectively in comparison with free bacteria. Mechanical properties of PVA membrane with and without bac-terial immobilized particles with modulus, elongation, and toughness were 0.122 GPa, 115.1%, 17.65 MPa and 0.022 GPa, 220.8%, 18.70 MPa, respec-tively. Mechanical properties of chitosan membrane with and without bac-terial immobilized particles with modulus, elongation, and toughness were 0.6 GPa, 7.6%, 0.66 MPa and 0.842 GPa, 32.4%, 3.52 MPa, respectively.
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References
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