The presence and genetic characteristics of porcine circovirus 3 from pigs in Southern and Central provinces of Vietnam
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Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) is an emerging circovirus species that has recently been reported in different countries around the world, suggesting a widespread circulation. This study was carried out in order to investigate the presence and further genetic characteristics of PCV3 from swine herds in Southern and Central provinces of Vietnam. A duplex PCR assay for rapid detection of PCV3 in pigs was established with a pair of specific primers designed between rep and cap gene segment to amplify full-length ORF2 and another set of primers binding to COX1 gene serving as an internal amplification control (IAC). The resulting duplex PCR was used to examine PCV3 presence in 94 tissue and serum samples. Subsequently, PCV3 was detected in 10 out of 94 cases (10.6%). The infection rate in sows (14.3%) was higher than that in grower pigs (7.7%). Regarding nucleotide sequence comparison, 10 ORF2 genes were selected for nucleotide sequencing and their alignment showed 97.2% - 99.5% homology. According to the phylogenetic analysis and sequence alignment of cap gene, all the sequences were clustered into group PCV3a, including 9 strains of sub-group PCV3a1 and only one strain of sub-group PCV3a2. These findings indicated that the PCV3a group is circulating in swine farms in Vietnam. This study provides better insights into epidemiology of this pathogen in the national swine industry.
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