Effects of salinity concentrations at different stages on growth, yield and grain quality of ST24 rice variety in pot-planted condition
Main Article Content
Abstract
Saltwater intrusion has posed a complex and detrimental impact on rice cultivation in the Mekong Delta. The ST24 is the rice variety with prominent quality, which is being admired by both domestic and international markets. The assessment of salt tolerance at various growth stages aids farmers in minimizing losses during cultivation. This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of salinity concentrations and stages on growth, yield and rice quality of ST24 rice variety in the Summer-Autumn crop in 2023. The rice plants were grown in pots and placed in a greenhouse throughout the experiment. A two-factor experiment was arranged in a complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The first factor included three salinity concentrations: 2‰, 4‰, and 6‰, while the second factor comprised three growth stages: the seedling stage, tillering stage, and heading stage. The results indicated that the concentrations and stages of salinization significantly affected the growth, yield and grain quality of ST24 rice variety. The growth parameters tended to decrease as the salinity concentrations increased. The actual yield reached 220.1, 113.5, 46.2 g/plot at salinity concentrations of 2‰, 4‰ and 6‰, respectively. The yield of rice plants was least affected by salinity at the seedling stage (252.8 g/plot) and were most severely affected by salinity at the heading stage (46.8 g/plot). Increasing salinity from 2‰ to 6‰ did not affect gelatinization (at level 2.0), but reduced the size of grains.
Article Details
References
Benito, B., Haro, R., Amtmann, A., Cuin, T. A., & Dreyer, I. (2014). The twins K+ and Na+ in plants. Journal of Plant Physiology 171(9), 723-731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2013.10.014.
Grattan, R. S., Zeng, L., Shannon, M. C., & Roberts, S. R. (2002). Rice is more sensitive to salinity than previously thought. California Agriculture 56(6), 189-198. https://doi.org/10.3733/ca.v056n06p189.
Hasamuzzaman, M., Fujita, M., Islam, M. N., Ahamed, K. U., & Nahar, K. (2009). Performance of four irrigated rice varieties under different levels of salinity stress. International Journal of Integrative Biology 6(2), 85-90.
Hasanuzzaman, M., Raihan ,M. R. H., Masud, A. A. C., Rahman, K., Nowroz, F., Rahman, M., Nahar, K., & Fujita, M. (2021). Regulation of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense in plants under salinity. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22(17). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179326.
Hashem, A., Alqarawi, A. A., Radhakrishnan, R., AlArjani, A. B. F., Aldehaish, H. A., Egamberdieva, D., & Abd-Allah, E. F. (2018). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi regulate the oxidative system, hormones and ionic equilibrium to trigger salt stress tolerance in Cucumis sativus L. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 25(6), 1102-1114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.03.009.
Hoang, G. T., Tran, L. H., Hoang, D. N., Do, T. V., Vu, H. T., & Vu, A. M. (2021). Study on amylose content, gelatinization temperature and gel consistency of local Indica rice varieties. Journal of Vietnam Agricultural Science and Technology 11(132), 24-31.
IRRI (The International Rice Research Institute). (1996). Standard evaluation system for rice (SES) (4th ed.). Laguana, Philippines: The International Rice Research Institute.
Isayenkov, S. V., & Maathuis, F. J. (2019). Plant salinity stress: many unanswered questions remain. Frontiers in Plant Science 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00080.
Khan, M. S. A., Hamid, A., & Karim, M. A. (1997). Effectof sodium chloride on germination and seedling characters of different types of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Journal Agronomy and Crop Science 179(3), 163-169. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037X.1997.tb00512.x.
Khatun, S., & Flowers, T. J. (1995). Effects of salinity on seed set in rice. Plant, Cell and Environment 18(1), 61-87. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1995.tb00544.x.
Kopittke, P. M., Menzies, N. W., Wang, P., McKenna, B. A., & Lombi, E. (2019). Soil and the intensification of agriculture for global food security. Environment International 132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.105078.
Kronzucker, J. K., & Britto, T. D. (2011). Sodium transport in plants: A critical review. New Phytologist 189(1), 54-81. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03540.x.
Liu, Q., Donner, E., Tarn, R., Singh, J., & Chung, H. J. (2009). Advanced analytical techniques to evaluate the quality of potato and potato starch. In Singh, J., & Kaur, L. (Eds.). Advances in potato chemistry and technology (1st ed., 221-248). Massachusetts, USA: Academic Press.
Mohsin, S. M., Hasanuzzaman, M., Parvin, K., & Fujita, M. (2020). Pretreatment of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings with 2,4-D improves tolerance to salinity-induced oxidative stress and methylglyoxal toxicity by modulating ion homeostasis, antioxidant defenses, and glyoxalase systems. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 152, 221-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.04.035.
Muchate, N. S., Nikalje, G. C., Rajurkar, N. S., Suprasanna, P., & Nikam, T. D. (2016). Plant salt stress: Adaptive responses, tolerance mechanism and bioen-gineering for salt tolerance. Botanical Review 82(4), 371-406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12229-016-9173-y.
Munns, R., & Tester, M. (2008). Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology 59(1), 651-681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.59.032607.092911.
Nguyen, D. H., Nguyen, T. K., & Bui, D. T. N. (2015). Evaluation of paddy land use in the Mekong River Delta. Journal of Science and Development 13(8), 1435-1441.
Ning, L., Kan, G., Shao, H., & Yu, D. (2018). Physiological and transcriptional responses to salt stress in salt‐tolerant and salt‐sensitive soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) seedlings. Land Degradation and Development 29(8), 2707-2719. https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.3005.
Ologundudu, A. F., Adelusi, A. A., & Akinwale, R. O. (2014). Effect of salt stress on germination and growth parameters of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Notulae Scientia Bioligicae 6, 237-243. https://doi.org/10.15835/nsb629163.
Pham, N. V., Nguyen, T. H., Nguyen, D. T. N., Huynh, D. T., Nguyen, D. T. H., & Ngo, T. T. D. (2021). Impact of saline intrusion on rice cultivation and adaptation options of local farmers in Long Phu district, Soc Trang province. Vietnam Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 16, 175-181.
Rad, H. E., Aref F., & Rezaei, M. (2012). Response of rice to different salinity levels during different growth stages. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 4(17), 3040-3047.
Rahman, M., Rahman, K., Sathi, K. S., Alam, M. M., Nahar, K., Fujita, M., & Hasanuzzaman, M. (2021). Supplemental selenium and boron mitigate salt - induced oxidative damages in Glycine max L. Plants 10(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10102224.
Shawquat, M. A. K., Abdul, M. K., Al-Mahmud, A., Parveen, S., Mahfuz, M. B., & Altaf, M. H. (2015). Plant water relations and proline accumulations in soybean under salt and water stress environment. Journal of Plant Science 3 (5), 272-278.
Singh, R. K., Gregorio, G., & Ismail, A. (2008). Breeding rice varieties with tolerance to salt stress. Journal of the Indian Society of Coastal Agricultural Research 26, 16-21.
Zhang, P., Senge, M., & Dai, Y. (2017). Effects of salinity stress at different growth stages on tomato growth, yield, and water-use efficiency. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 48(6), 624-634. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2016.1269803.